WATER POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION

Water serves as food, and as well serves as source of cooking and cleaning agents to human. Water pollutants may be physical, biological or chemical in nature. Water is said to be polluted when there is adversely change in its quality.
However, when oil/chemical is discharged directly or indirectly into a water bodies, that water body is said to be polluted. Looking at this pollution the oil/chemical is the pollutant.

Biological pollutants is the introduction of pollutants which serves as nutrients and producing changes in the relative abundance of aquatic micro- organisms and depletion of dissolved oxygen.

Chemical pollutants is the introduction of chemicals into water body, which may affect its pH, toxicity and its salinity.
Trichloroethylene(TCE) is a common ground water pollutant. Other pollutants like Aerosols, DDT(Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloromethane) pesticides and PCB(Polychlorinated Biphenyls) are infectious agents.

The sources of water pollution are mainly the discharges of sewage from factories, waste water treatment plant, toxic chemicals, fertilizer, pesticides, waste disposal. The gaseous emissions from factories, refineries, auto mobiles contaminate the atmosphere, and later fall down as rain. This rain water can be polluted by the presence of oxide of nitrogen and sulfur in the air. These oxides dissolve in rain water to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

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LAND POLLUTION

LAND POLLUTION

Land pollution involved soil degradation and soil contamination by hazardous solids or liquids dumped in the soil.
The natural causes of land pollution or solid degradation emanates from whirlwind, tornadoes, earthquakes and sea or ocean surges.

The used of excess pesticides and fertilizers cause pollution to the environment. There are many sources of land pollution due to deforestation, erosion, oil/chemical spills, human waste, indiscriminate solid waste.

The man-made pollution which man caused on the soil are classified as hazardous on the basis of their reactivity, toxicity, corrosivity, flammability and explosivity etc.
In our environment, solid waste from the industries emanates from disused packaging, process waste, disused equipment, ashes from incinerators, sludge etc.

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AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION

The sources of pollution can be natural or man-made.
i. Natural: Such as volcanic eruptions, sandstorms, wind storms, tornadoes and organic matters decay. All these make man uncomfortable in the environment and these pollutions are uncontrollable.
ii. Man-made: Such as stationary combustion, industrial processes, solid waste disposal, "air pollutants" such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, burning of fossil fuels, bush burning, sulphur dioxide, radioactive matter, dust and deforestation.

The activities of man in the aspects of mining adds to air pollution. Also the modern used of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture has been contributing to air pollution, and the used of atomic energy increase radioactivity in the atmosphere.

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TYPES OF POLLUTION

 TYPES OF POLLUTION

Four types of pollution are going to been treated in this article.
The four types of pollution as follows:

Air pollution: The sources of air pollution can be natural or man-made.The activities of man in the aspects of mining adds to air pollution. 

Land pollution: Involved soil degradation and soil contamination by hazardous solids or liquids dumped in the soil. The natural causes of land pollution or solid degradation emanates from whirlwind, tornadoes, earthquakes and sea or ocean surges.

Water pollution: Water is one of the important resources in our environment, and also serves as food. water pollutants may be physical, biological or chemical in nature. water is said  to be polluted when there is adversely change in its quality.
The sources of water pollution are mainly the discharges of sewage from factories, waste water treatment plant, toxic chemicals, fertilizer, pesticides, waste disposal.

Noise pollution: Man face pollution challenges every day in our environment, but the one of noise make man uncomfortable. The good level of decibels in our environment should be 65 decibels, while in the process plant or areas should be 85 decibels.
The sources of noise pollution are blasting, heavy trucks movement, sound of plants, drilling, crusher, electronic player sound etc.

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POLLUTANT

POLLUTANT

Pollutant is a substance which is capable of causing harm to living organisms(floral and fauna).
Pollutants are grouped into two classes.

i. Organic pollutants: Organic pollutants are pollutants which contain carbon and hydrogen compound, and elements of oxygen, phosphorous, sulphur and nitrogen.
ii. Inorganic pollutants: Inorganic pollutants are pollutants, which contain carbon monoxide and carbon iv oxide.

Forms of Pollutants
Pollutants could take the forms of:
i. Gaseous, example of gaseous pollutants are hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide.
ii. Liquid, example of liquid pollutant is Crude oil.
iii. Solid, example of solid pollutant is oily sludge.

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POLLUTION AND MAN

POLLUTION AND  MAN

INTRODUCTION

Man is the richest resource of any environment. Man identify and predict the effect of pollution on the physical, social and economic environment of any Geographical area. 
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that causes change to the air, water body, soil e.t.c.
In the prehistoric times, pollution started when man make the first fires. Man brought in pollution to the environment, since when he started to modified the environment. Man solely depend on natural resources. Man produce, consume, create, renew, invent, developed and change resources.
All these mentions above would caused pollution in the process of production, extraction and developed.

Pollution continue to hit  our environment every day. Many measures has been taken to minimize it, but the gap between it and man is still closed. Also man and pollution disagree. Presently now, man is trying to take total control of pollution, but is wasn't easy for man. Because pollution as create an great impact in the society and man is finding it difficult to control it now.

In most of our society today, due to the level that the government has fail the citizens. Some don't want to listen to government warning or teaching on how they can minimize their waste.

• Pollutant
• Types of Pollution
• Effect of Pollution on the Environment
• Pollution Applicable to Petroleum Industry
• Physio- Chemical
• The Method of Treating Waste Water
• Conclusion
• References

Reviewed by: Omagbemi Nelson Tosan.

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OVER 2,500 PEOPLE DISPLACED IN HELMAND AND 80 KILLED IN THE CLASH BETWEEN MILITANTS

OVER 2,500 PEOPLE DISPLACED IN HELMAND AND 80 KILLED IN THE CLASH BETWEEN MILITANTS

Over 2,500 people displaced in Helmand and over 80 killed in four days clash.
Over the past four days now, more than 40 Taliban insurrgents, 35 civilians, 13 policemen  and 9 Afghanistan National Army (ANA) Soldiers were killed in the heavy clash between militants and Afghanistan National Security Forces (ANSF) in Southern Helmand Province.
Many suffered injured like about 40 civilians and 40 ANSF personnel, officials reported. About hundreds of Taliban insurgents stormed police outposts in Sangin district of Helmand province. Said Omar Zwak the governor of Helmand spokesman, on Tuesday. Omar said, security forces have been deployed to the areas to clear insurgents.
Omar zwak added, more than 800 Taliban insurgents including Pakistani and Arab insurgents attacked the district, the warstill continue.

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THE IEC SECRETARIAT BOSS RESIGNS FROM OFFICE

THE IEC SECRETARIAT BOSS RESIGNS FROM OFFICE

Chief Zia-ul-Haq Amarkhail, the Independent Election Commission's (IEC) secretariat boss announced his resignation Live on television this Monday afternoon.
Amarkhail announced his resignation a day after President candidate Abdullah Abdullah released the voice phone recordings of the conversations between Amarkhail and members of the campaign team of Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai.
The recordings support a plan to conduct fraud during the Runoff Election. The voices on the phone recordings of them conversations have yet not be confirmed.
Amarkhail said "i have not resigned under the pressure of anyone". "I have only resigned for the sake of the process and National interests". He was saying all these at a press conference were he announced his resignation. He said it was his decision and not forced and not made in light of the recordings. He said the voice phone recordings was fake and he had never had any conversations with any one.
The IEC Chairman, Nuristani, said the commission regretted his resignation.

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33 LECTURERS FREE BY TALIBAN IN KANDAHAR

33 LECTURERS FREE BY TALIBAN IN KANDAHAR

The 33 Lecturers hold captive over two weeks ago by Taliban were freed on Monday in the nearest Ghazi Province. The lecturers are from Kandahar University. Local officials report.

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