The physio- chemical parameters of liquid waste and their effects as follows:
ODOUR: Water is always pure without colour, smell or taste. The odour in water is caused by volatile substances associated with decomposed organic matter and gases. They have great values.
COLOUR: The dissolved or colloidal substance of vegetable origin like iron and other substances are responsible for the colour present in water.
OIL: The oil that is spilled on water tends to spread on water surface, which affects the growth of planktons, coats vegetation, aquatic animals.
FLOATABLES: Greases, tars are floating materials, they seal off atmospheric air and sunlight. The suspended solids from oxides, hydroxides, pigments also choke the gills of the aquatics.
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND(BOD): This is the amount of oxygen(mg/1) required by bacteria to convert organic waste matters( in waste water) to useful water by decomposing the impurities at 200c for period of five days.
CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND(COD): Chemical oxygen demand is the amount of oxygen(mg/1) required to chemically oxidise waste water using an oxidizing agent like potassium dichromate. Chemical oxygen demand affects the level of oxygen in water and also aquatic life. Wasted can weaken, destroy both metallic and concrete structures, because there are corrosive substance in waste such as acid.
It is harmful to human, aquatic and micro-organisms.
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