Wednesday, 20 February 2013

INFRASTRUCTURE


                                                                                                                                 
Infrastructure is the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization, such as Building, Water, Market, Energy/Power and Road and Transportation, all these are needed to improve a rural environment.

Building                                                                                                                                                            Building is a permanent fixed structure, such as house, factory etc. In the developed world, the government builds a modern house such as estate, police stations, schools, civil centre and health centre to improve the environment of the rural inhabitants. Some assistance are giving by some group of people who come together as one, including church they join hand in the development of the rural areas.

Water                                                                                                                                                      Water serves as food and as well serves as agents of cleaning and cooking to man. Thus, it is important factor that is consider in settlement location. It serves as communication means to trade relations and passage of information. Examples of settlements that are located in water front due to the various services derived from water include: Escavos, Lokoja (Nigeria), Cobh (Ireland) and Geneva (Switzerland). It also provides farming activities such as irrigation, fishing and dam that necessitate farming for food production. Good pipe-borne water for drinking and cooking make people to be free of cholera disease.

Market
Market is the one of the dominant activity that employs great volume of labour. Market is centre of trade and exchange of products, buying and selling take place there. Rural inhabitants sell their agricultural produce and purchase finished goods which they could not produce.
 
Energy/ Power
Power is the supply of electricity. Electricity attracts human settlements for industrial, commercial, even recreational establishments. Examples of places that enjoyed cheap power supply, such as Oji River (Nigeria), Buffalo (USA), Akosombo (Ghana), these places grow due to power supply. Before the industrial revolution which took place from the end of the 18th to early 19th century in Britain. Coal was the main source of power for manufacturing industries. Today electricity has comes and used as power. Electricity (Refrigerator) helps in the preservation of perishable, surplus agricultural commodities. The farmers became happy that their processed food-items are preserved; there is ready market for their produce.

Road and Transportation
Good road is needed so that goods and services can be carrying out easily. Transport is the most important factor in locating an industry. It attracts people to come in and move raw materials to the factory and to distribute finished products to the market and the consumer easily.

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